terça-feira, 30 de abril de 2019

How Freddie Freeman reached base safely 27 times to start season

J.D. Drew set the longest season-opening on-base streak in Atlanta franchise history at 27 in 2004. The franchise record to open a season is 37 games, set by Eddie Mathews with the Milwaukee Braves in 1961.

Gary Sheffield holds the franchise record for longest on-base streak, reaching in 52 straight games, May 28-July 27, 2002.

Here is how Freeman reached base during his 2019 streak:

March 28: Phillies 10, Braves 4• Freddie Freeman draws a five-pitch walk in the sixth. (He is caught attempting to steal second base.) 

March 30: Phillies 8, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman singles on a line drive to center field, scoring Ender Inciarte, in the first. 

March 31: Phillies 5, Braves 1• Freddie Freeman walks on five pitches in his first plate appearance. 

April 1: Braves 8, Cubs 0• Freddie Freeman doubles on a sharp line drive to left in the bottom of the sixth. 

April 3: Braves 6, Cubs 4• Freddie Freeman walks, moving Josh Donaldson to 2nd, in the third inning. 

April 4: Braves 9, Cubs 4 • Freddie Freeman sees four straight balls to draw a walk in the first. 

April 5: Braves 4, Marlins 0 • Freddie Freeman singles to lead off the fourth inning. He scores on a Ronald Acuna homer. 

April 6: Marlins 4, Braves 2• Freddie Freeman hits a line drive — a double — to right off the first pitch he sees in the first. Ender Inciarte scores. 

April 7: Braves 4, Marlins 3 • Freddie Freeman homers to left, scoring Ozzie Albies, in the first inning. 

April 8: Braves 8, Rockies 6• Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to center with 1 out in the third. He moves Josh Donaldson to second. Freeman scores on a Nick Markakis hit. 

April 9: Braves 7, Rockies 1• Freddie Freeman singles to center, scoring Josh Donaldson, in the fourth inning. 

April 11: Mets 6, Braves 3 • Freddie Freeman hits a ground-rule double on a fly ball down the left-field line in the first. Freeman scores on a Ronald Acuna triple. 

April 12: Mets 6, Braves 2 • Freddie Freeman walks on four straight pitches in the first inning. Josh Donaldson moves to second. 

April 13: Braves 11, Mets 7 • Freddie Freeman opens the sixth inning with a single on a fly ball to center. He scores on a Dansby Swanson single with two outs. 

April 14: Braves 7, Mets 3 • Freddie Freeman takes a full count and draws at walk in the third. 

April 16: Diamondbacks 9, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman doubles the second pitch to right in the fifth inning. Max Fried scores; Ozzie Albies moves from first to third. 

April 17: Diamondbacks 3, Braves 2 • With one out in the sixth, Freddie Freeman singles to center. 

April 18: Diamondbacks 4, Braves 1 • Freddie Freeman is hit by a pitch to lead the sixth inning. 

April 20 (1): Indians 8, Braves 4 • Freddie Freeman walks on five pitches in the first. He scores on a Nick Markakis single. 

April 20 (2): Braves 8, Indians 7 • With two outs in the ninth, Freddie Freeman takes six pitches for a walk. Tyler Flower scores. 

April 21: Braves 11, Indians 5 • Freddie Freeman walks on seven pitches in the first. He scores on a Nick Markakis double. 

April 23: Reds 7, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to left in the sixth. Josh Donaldson scores. 

April 24: Braves 3, Reds 1 • Freddie Freeman singles on a line drive to second in the third inning. 

April 25: Reds 4, Braves 2 • Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to left in his first at-bat. 

April 26: Rockies 8, Braves 4 • Freddie Freeman takes a four-pitch walk in the third. 

April 27: Rockies 9, Braves 5 • Freddie Freeman drives a 95-mph fast ball over the center field wall in his first at-bat. 

April 28: Braves 8, Rockies 7 • Freddie Freeman homers the second pitch he sees in the first, scoring Josh Donaldson.

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Off to a Patchy Start: Milestones in Journal Peer Review Research, Part 1 (1945–1989)

Cartoon of editor who wants peer reviewers without conflicts of interest about peer review

You would think that something as critical to science as peer review in journals would itself have a strong grounding in science, wouldn't you? But it doesn't. The quantity of research is meagre, relative to the importance of the topic – especially the kinds of studies that could be a strong evidence base for our actions. People sure have a lot of un-evidence-based strong opinions on the process of getting opinions about scientific manuscripts, though!

Peer review didn't start to become common at journals until the 1940s [PDF]. The influential medical journal editor, Franz J. Ingelfinger, pointed out in 1974 that the American Journal of Medicine didn't use peer review in the '40s and '50s – and neither did The Lancet from the '60s to the time he was writing:

If [they] can do without the reviewing system, and do very well at that, why do so many editors of medical journals, particularly in America, faithfully and meticulously depend on a system of peer review that is, to be sure, far older than the other two peer review systems now in the news, but is also laborious, disorganized and time-consuming? The answer is moot, for the system as it applies to biomedicine has never been subjected to the kind of evaluation that those subject to its discipline use in studying the phenomena of health and disease. That data on the performance of the reviewing system are lacking is all the more astounding in view of the momentous influence the system exerts on the lives of those who write biomedical articles.

There's been a bit more evaluation since then, but nowhere near enough. Meanwhile, it's gotten far more time-consuming. Publons recently estimated that 68.5 million hours are spent peer reviewing for journals a year – which is roughly the equivalent of over 34,000 people working full-time, year in, year out. And the effects of journals' decisions on scientific workers' careers is even more momentous, too.

So let's take a tour of milestones in journal peer review research, to get a bit of an idea of what we know and don't know. I've tried to pick out particularly influential and/or groundbreaking research, but there's no strong method here. I'd be delighted to hear about others' picks, either in the comments here, or on Twitter.

(Note: bits in [square brackets] in quotes are my words.]

Is there bias against researchers from "minor" universities? 

"An analysis of manuscripts received by the American Sociological Review…" (1945)

Too few journals have allowed or released studies of what goes on behind the curtain. The first I've found was when Dorris West Goodrich was a new academic editor at the American Sociological Review. She reported on what happened to 182 manuscripts submitted in the 16 months up to September 1945 when the team had the reigns. She had no assessment of quality – and in fact points to various chance elements that affect decisions to accept, like the quality or quantity that arrive at around the same time.

The acceptance rate was 57% – with a third of those coming from invited papers for annual meetings or special issues. Although members and non-members of the American Sociological Society were equally likely to submit manuscripts, only 19% of members' submissions were rejected versus 59% of non-members.

What about "major" versus "minor" universities (for sociology)? The rate of acceptance for authors from major departments was disproportionately high: 83%. People from "non-major" academic institutions, and non-academic institutions, experienced the average (57% and 53% respectively). People from no institution only had a 27% acceptance rate.

Couldn't find an influential study this decade. The "peer-reviewed journal" was on the rise, but it wasn't being led, or followed by, robust science.

Cartoon journal Does the institutional home of a journal preferentially advance people from that institution?

"Institutional affiliation of the contributors to three professional journals" (1961)

Pan Yotopolous responded to a publication on contributors to the American Economic Review by taking it to a new level and comparing it to another 2: the Journal of Political Economy (JPE), based at the University of Chicago, and the Quarterly Journal of Economics (QJE), based at Harvard:

As it might be expected, the University of Chicago dominated the contributions to the JPE with 15.6 per cent of the total pages while Harvard University dominated the contributions to the QJE with 14.5 per cent. This heavy concentration of authors in one institution for each journal leaves its imprint on the [big] picture…

The overall domination of a small number of institutions, he said, could be a sign of bias at journals. Or it could be something else, like the advantage of having more time and support for research for academics at those universities.

Cartoon of woman blindfolded

Does blinding authors' names and institutions affect publication patterns?

"The gatekeepers of science…" (1967)

Diana Crane reported a survey of blinding practices. And she looked at the question with two non-experimental studies, too. The first was a before and after study of a journal that introduced blinding of authors' identities in 1955 (American Sociological Review). She examined the articles of 1,322 authors in the 20 years around 1955. The second compared this with 294 authors to a journal in another social science discipline which didn't have blinding (American Economic Review). Crane concluded:

These findings suggest that anonymity does not produce the expected results… [D]iversity in the academic backgrounds of editors rather than anonymous evaluation of manuscripts is the more important factor influencing the selection of manuscripts…

It appears that the academic characteristics of authors of articles selected for publication by scientific journals are similar to the characteristics of the editors of the journals and that anonymity does not affect this relationship…

The analysis presented here suggests that disciplines vary in the extent to which articles by authors from diverse institutional backgrounds are selected for publication in their principal journals.

The diversity factors she's talking about are age, educational level, and institutional affiliation.

Crane also reported her analysis of blinding practices at 50 journals in 7 disciplines: 9 of them blinded peer reviewers to authors' names and institutions – and 8 of those were sociology journals.

Historical and sociological overview – plus data on rejection rates and analysis of author prestige

"Patterns of evaluation in science: functions of the referee system" (1971 [PDF])

Groundbreaking sociologists of science, Harriet Zuckerman and Robert Merton, tackled the subject from various angles. They surveyed 117 journals in sciences and humanities in 1967 and got rejection rates from 97 of them. They ranged from a 90% mean for 3 history journals, down to a less than a quarter of articles for physics (12 journals), geology (2 journals), and linguistics (1 journal):

…the more humanistically oriented the journal, the higher the rate of rejecting manuscripts for publication; the more experimentally and observationally oriented, with an emphasis on rigour of observation and analysis, the lower the rate of rejection…Beyond this are objective differences in the relative amount of space available for publication…Journals in the sciences can apparently publish a higher proportion of manuscripts submitted to them because the available space is greater than that found in the humanities [and the articles are shorter].

They also analyzed the editorial records of the 14,512 manuscripts submitted to The Physical Review from 1948 to 1956. It was a leading journal that published 6% of the journal literature in physics globally, and it was by far the most important to academic American physicists at the time.

To study the impact of author prestige, they looked only at a sample of single author papers, with both the authors and the 354 people who reviewed their papers stratified for signs of prestige. For example, in the first rank went Nobel prize winners, members of the Royal Society and National Academy of Sciences etc.

There were signs of what might be prestige bias, although we would need analysis of respective quality of articles to be sure. For example, physicists at leading versus other university departments submitted articles at about the same rate – but the acceptance rate was 91% versus 72%.

Sign pointing to Bias Extinguisher

First experimental study?

"Publication prejudices: an experimental study of confirmatory bias in the peer review system" (1977)

Michael Mahoney approached this question with this assumption:

…given that the researched question is relevant and the experimental methodology adequate, the obtained results – whatever they might be – should be of interest to the scientific community. Assuming that they are clearly and comprehensively described, the data should not be viewed prejudicially on the basis of whether they conform to current theoretical predictions.

He selected 75 peer reviewers listed for 1974 in a journal with a "very energetic" advocacy perspective on behaviorist psychology. They were randomly assigned to 5 versions of an article, where the introduction and methods were the same, but the results and discussion differed or were omitted: 67 returned peer review reports. The result? "Wide variability", with "apparent prejudice against 'negative' or disconfirming results":

Looking only at the comments, one would hardly think that very similar or even identical manuscripts were being evaluated…

Confirmatory bias is the tendency to emphasize and believe experiences which support one's views and to ignore or discredit those which do not…[R]eviewers were strongly biased against manuscripts which reported results contrary to their theoretical perspective.

Country bias in peer reviewers?

"A study of the evaluation of research papers by primary journals in the UK" (1978)

I didn't manage to get hold of a copy of this monograph by Michael Gordon, so I'm relying on data and descriptions from here. Gordon studied the archives of physical science journals, as well as interviewing the editors of 32 journals.

In an analysis of 2,572 peer reviews of 1,980 articles in 2 journals, authors from the UK were more likely to get a hard time from American peer reviewers, and vice versa. Peer reviewers from "major" universities showed bias against authors from "minor" universities, while authors from "minor" universities did not.

Cartoon of women avoiding despair about biases in science

Are women authors disadvantaged in the editorial process?

"Are women economists at a disadvantage in publishing journal articles?" (1980 – PDF)

Marianne Ferber and Michelle Teiman studied the question in a few ways, comparing publications at several economic journals (and a statistics journal). One of the comparisons they made was between outcomes at journals with and without double-blind peer review. Only 12 of the 36 journals invited provided the data about manuscript submission and gender though. For the various comparisons they made, articles by women, or with women authors, had higher rates of acceptance than articles without them at journals with double-blind peer reviewing, and no strong difference at the others.

The capriciousness of acceptance – and impact of prestige?

"The fate of published articles, submitted again"  (1982)

Douglas Peters and Stephen Ceci published results of a small study with lots of flaws, that had an outsized impact. The journal in which it was published guaranteed it would set the cat among the pigeons by accompanying it, not with an editorial commentary, but with 59 invited expert commentaries!

Peters and Ceci had selected one article by authors from prestigious institutions, from each of 12 leading American psychology journals. They had been published 18 to 32 months previously. The articles were given fictitious authors and institutions and re-submitted to the same journal that published them in the first place.

Only 3 were recognized as re-submissions. Of the others, all but 1 was rejected – "primarily for reasons of methodology and statistical treatment".

Documenting the full flow of manuscripts from submission to publication at one journal or another

"A difficult balance: editorial peer review in medicine" (1985 – PDF)

This is a look at the state of knowledge and editors' opinions by Stephen Lock, then editor of the BMJ, from a Rock Carling Lecture. The monograph includes a prospective study of every manuscript submitted to the BMJ between 1 January and 15 August 1979. A total of 1,551 manuscripts were analyzed, with an acceptance rate of 21%. Editors accepted 74% of the papers that were recommended by external peer reviewers, and 35% of those reviewers had rejected. Just over half of the 328 accepted papers had scientific revisions when they were published.

Of the 1,143 that were rejected, 825 were rejected without going to peer review. Most (68%) were later published in another journal – 130 of them in a journal of equal or higher status – and 25% were never published. The fate of the other 7% couldn't be determined. Only 20% of the manuscripts were changed before appearing in another journal.

Prominent calls for more research on peer review

"Journal peer review: the need for a research agenda" (1985)

John Bailar and Kay Patterson reviewed the evidence on journal peer review, publishing their call for a research agenda in the influential New England Journal of Medicine:

It seems to us that there is a paradox here: the arbiters of rigor, quality, and innovation in scientific reports submitted for publication do not apply to their own work the standards they use in judging the work of others… Most studies of journal peer review have been methodologically weak, and most have focused on process rather than outcome.

They only found 12 studies in the previous 10 years that met their criteria: relevant to biomedicine, designed to test an hypothesis or study a specific issue, and based on a clearly defined sample – but none used a random sample of journals. Bailar and Patterson map out issues needing research, from effectiveness, to different methods and costs, stressing the importance of cross-journal studies and rigorous study design.

Drummond Rennie, from another prominent medical journal, JAMA, cited the Bailar and Patterson paper as an impetus for starting the Peer Review Congress (PRC): the first was held in May 1989. The conference was widely promoted for 3 years prior, with the aim of stimulating a research community (with the lure of publication in JAMA, too). Dozens of abstracts of research on peer review and bias in papers were submitted, with most accepted. It's been held every 4 years since. I've attended a few, and blogged about them (follow the link to all my peer review posts below if you're interested).

It seems to me the first PRC was a watershed moment for research on journal peer review. Rennie reflects on his experience and the congresses here, concluding that despite the progress with research, the scientific community is in many ways still kind of in the dark ages when it comes to peer review:

A long time ago, scientists moved from alchemy to chemistry, from astrology to astronomy. But our reverence for peer review still often borders on mysticism.

The first randomized trial of journal peer review?

"Calling Medical Care reviewers first: a randomized trial" (1989)

Duncan Neuhauser and Connie Koran tested the theory that you could improve peer reviewer response by phoning them, randomizing 95 manuscripts to get a phone call to let them know a manuscript was on the way or not. It didn't work. The call added to the costs of peer review, and seemed to lengthen peer review turnaround instead of shortening it.

More trials were on the way in the next decade . . . >  Part 2: Trials at Last and Even More Questions

~~~~

Cartoon of a bird out on a limb

All my posts on peer review are here. Some key posts:

Signing Critical Peer Reviews and the Fear of Retaliation

The Fractured Logic of Blinded Peer Review in Journals

Weighing Up Anonymity and Openness in Publication Peer Review

Flying Flak and Avoiding "Ad Hominem" Response

Disclosures: In the 1990s, I was the founding lead ("Coordinating") editor for the Cochrane Collaboration's reviews on consumers and communication. I have served on the ethics committee for the BMJ, participated in organizing special issues of the BMJ, and attended conferences funded by the BMJ. I contributed a chapter to a book on peer review. I was an associate editor for Clinical Trials, academic editor of PLOS Medicine, and am a member of the PLOS human ethics advisory committee. These days, I only peer review for open access journals.

The cartoons are my own (CC BY-NC-ND license). (More cartoons at Statistically Funny and on Tumblr.)

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How Freddie Freeman reached base safely 27 times to start season

J.D. Drew set the longest season-opening on-base streak in Atlanta franchise history at 27 in 2004. The franchise record to open a season is 37 games, set by Eddie Mathews with the Milwaukee Braves in 1961.

Gary Sheffield holds the franchise record for longest on-base streak, reaching in 52 straight games, May 28-July 27, 2002.

Here is how Freeman reached base during his 2019 streak:

March 28: Phillies 10, Braves 4• Freddie Freeman draws a five-pitch walk in the sixth. (He is caught attempting to steal second base.) 

March 30: Phillies 8, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman singles on a line drive to center field, scoring Ender Inciarte, in the first. 

March 31: Phillies 5, Braves 1• Freddie Freeman walks on five pitches in his first plate appearance. 

April 1: Braves 8, Cubs 0• Freddie Freeman doubles on a sharp line drive to left in the bottom of the sixth. 

April 3: Braves 6, Cubs 4• Freddie Freeman walks, moving Josh Donaldson to 2nd, in the third inning. 

April 4: Braves 9, Cubs 4 • Freddie Freeman sees four straight balls to draw a walk in the first. 

April 5: Braves 4, Marlins 0 • Freddie Freeman singles to lead off the fourth inning. He scores on a Ronald Acuna homer. 

April 6: Marlins 4, Braves 2• Freddie Freeman hits a line drive — a double — to right off the first pitch he sees in the first. Ender Inciarte scores. 

April 7: Braves 4, Marlins 3 • Freddie Freeman homers to left, scoring Ozzie Albies, in the first inning. 

April 8: Braves 8, Rockies 6• Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to center with 1 out in the third. He moves Josh Donaldson to second. Freeman scores on a Nick Markakis hit. 

April 9: Braves 7, Rockies 1• Freddie Freeman singles to center, scoring Josh Donaldson, in the fourth inning. 

April 11: Mets 6, Braves 3 • Freddie Freeman hits a ground-rule double on a fly ball down the left-field line in the first. Freeman scores on a Ronald Acuna triple. 

April 12: Mets 6, Braves 2 • Freddie Freeman walks on four straight pitches in the first inning. Josh Donaldson moves to second. 

April 13: Braves 11, Mets 7 • Freddie Freeman opens the sixth inning with a single on a fly ball to center. He scores on a Dansby Swanson single with two outs. 

April 14: Braves 7, Mets 3 • Freddie Freeman takes a full count and draws at walk in the third. 

April 16: Diamondbacks 9, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman doubles the second pitch to right in the fifth inning. Max Fried scores; Ozzie Albies moves from first to third. 

April 17: Diamondbacks 3, Braves 2 • With one out in the sixth, Freddie Freeman singles to center. 

April 18: Diamondbacks 4, Braves 1 • Freddie Freeman is hit by a pitch to lead the sixth inning. 

April 20 (1): Indians 8, Braves 4 • Freddie Freeman walks on five pitches in the first. He scores on a Nick Markakis single. 

April 20 (2): Braves 8, Indians 7 • With two outs in the ninth, Freddie Freeman takes six pitches for a walk. Tyler Flower scores. 

April 21: Braves 11, Indians 5 • Freddie Freeman walks on seven pitches in the first. He scores on a Nick Markakis double. 

April 23: Reds 7, Braves 6 • Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to left in the sixth. Josh Donaldson scores. 

April 24: Braves 3, Reds 1 • Freddie Freeman singles on a line drive to second in the third inning. 

April 25: Reds 4, Braves 2 • Freddie Freeman singles on a ground ball to left in his first at-bat. 

April 26: Rockies 8, Braves 4 • Freddie Freeman takes a four-pitch walk in the third. 

April 27: Rockies 9, Braves 5 • Freddie Freeman drives a 95-mph fast ball over the center field wall in his first at-bat. 

April 28: Braves 8, Rockies 7 • Freddie Freeman homers the second pitch he sees in the first, scoring Josh Donaldson.

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Red Sox Journal: Pedroia set to start rehab in Portland

BOSTON — Dustin Pedroia is nearing a second start to his 2019 season.

The second baseman is scheduled to begin a rehab assignment with Double-A Portland this week. Pedroia has been on the injured list since April 19 due to left knee irritation, the latest in a string of setbacks involving the surgically-repaired joint.

Pedroia lasted just one inning in the field and a lone at-bat in his second game at Yankee Stadium, removed after feeling what he described as a pop in the knee. He was serving as the designated hitter against New York, just the 13th time in his career where Pedroia has been in the Red Sox lineup without playing the field.

"He hasn't played in a while," Red Sox manager Alex Cora said. "He needs at-bats. He needs to play. We'll go over the program and see where we're at."

Pedroia managed just three games last season while Boston captured its fourth championship this century. He was 2-for-20 with a pair of singles in six games before approaching Cora and asking to be removed from the 5-3 loss to New York.

"He's been going through this for the last year," Cora said. "We'll keep getting information. New spikes, a new brace — there's a lot of effort into this. He'll get out there and we'll see how it goes."

There is no set number of games Pedroia will have to complete before making a return to the Red Sox roster. The decision to eventually activate him involves input from both Pedroia and club medical staff. Pedroia is likely never to be what doctors would consider 100 percent against after undergoing a cartilage restoration procedure in October 2017.

"I know sometimes it feels like we're cutting it short, but that's the way it goes," Cora said. "We do our best to let him know how we feel about it and what we'd like to do."

Michael Chavis made his sixth start at second base on Sunday against the Rays. The top position player prospect in Boston's system slashed .200/.407/.550 through his first seven games, including two home runs and a double.

Martinez out again

J.D. Martinez (back tightness) was out of the lineup for the second straight day on Sunday.

Martinez had appeared in each of the first 26 games of the season for the Red Sox, hitting safely in 24 of them. He was a late scratch prior to Saturday's 2-1 loss to the Rays and received treatment throughout the afternoon.

"He's still tight," Cora said. "We'll try to stay away from him today. If we need him later on it depends on how he progresses during the day."

Boston managed just five hits, went 0-for-8 with runners in scoring position and stranded 11 men against Tampa Bay on Saturday. Steve Pearce went 0-for-3 with a walk replacing Martinez in the designated hitter spot.

Close to returning

Two other Red Sox infielders will be in rehab action as soon as Monday.

Brock Holt (right eye) will be joined by Eduardo Nunez (back strain) at Triple-A Pawtucket. Nunez will depart Boston on Sunday night and join the PawSox for a doubleheader at Buffalo. Pawtucket's scheduled game at Rochester on Saturday was snowed out, and Holt was out of the lineup for the series finale with the Red Wings on Sunday.

"For whatever X amount of at-bats he has during the season, they don't count for me," Cora said of Holt. "He wasn't able to see the ball."

Holt was 1-for-16 in six games and made his last appearance with the Red Sox on April 5 at Arizona. Nunez has been sidelined since the two-game series with the Yankees and failed to record a hit in three of his last four starts. He's slashing just .159/.178/.182 through 17 appearances.

"It's more about the at-bats than the repetitions in the field," Cora said. "I know they always feel ready to go. He understands."

Pitching schedule

Boston's rotation for the upcoming three-game series against the Athletics includes Eduardo Rodriguez, Rick Porcello and – most likely – Hector Velazquez.

The Red Sox are without a proven long reliever in the bullpen with Velazquez making spot starts in place of Nathan Eovaldi (right elbow). Brian Johnson (left elbow) threw an all-fastballs bullpen session on Sunday as he continues to work his way back from injury.

"I don't know what the program is for the next one," Cora said. "For how good it looks, he's still at the beginning stages."

bkoch@providencejournal.com

On Twitter: @BillKoch25

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segunda-feira, 29 de abril de 2019

Red Sox Journal: Pedroia set to start rehab in Portland

BOSTON — Dustin Pedroia is nearing a second start to his 2019 season.

The second baseman is scheduled to begin a rehab assignment with Double-A Portland this week. Pedroia has been on the injured list since April 19 due to left knee irritation, the latest in a string of setbacks involving the surgically-repaired joint.

Pedroia lasted just one inning in the field and a lone at-bat in his second game at Yankee Stadium, removed after feeling what he described as a pop in the knee. He was serving as the designated hitter against New York, just the 13th time in his career where Pedroia has been in the Red Sox lineup without playing the field.

"He hasn't played in a while," Red Sox manager Alex Cora said. "He needs at-bats. He needs to play. We'll go over the program and see where we're at."

Pedroia managed just three games last season while Boston captured its fourth championship this century. He was 2-for-20 with a pair of singles in six games before approaching Cora and asking to be removed from the 5-3 loss to New York.

"He's been going through this for the last year," Cora said. "We'll keep getting information. New spikes, a new brace — there's a lot of effort into this. He'll get out there and we'll see how it goes."

There is no set number of games Pedroia will have to complete before making a return to the Red Sox roster. The decision to eventually activate him involves input from both Pedroia and club medical staff. Pedroia is likely never to be what doctors would consider 100 percent against after undergoing a cartilage restoration procedure in October 2017.

"I know sometimes it feels like we're cutting it short, but that's the way it goes," Cora said. "We do our best to let him know how we feel about it and what we'd like to do."

Michael Chavis made his sixth start at second base on Sunday against the Rays. The top position player prospect in Boston's system slashed .200/.407/.550 through his first seven games, including two home runs and a double.

Martinez out again

J.D. Martinez (back tightness) was out of the lineup for the second straight day on Sunday.

Martinez had appeared in each of the first 26 games of the season for the Red Sox, hitting safely in 24 of them. He was a late scratch prior to Saturday's 2-1 loss to the Rays and received treatment throughout the afternoon.

"He's still tight," Cora said. "We'll try to stay away from him today. If we need him later on it depends on how he progresses during the day."

Boston managed just five hits, went 0-for-8 with runners in scoring position and stranded 11 men against Tampa Bay on Saturday. Steve Pearce went 0-for-3 with a walk replacing Martinez in the designated hitter spot.

Close to returning

Two other Red Sox infielders will be in rehab action as soon as Monday.

Brock Holt (right eye) will be joined by Eduardo Nunez (back strain) at Triple-A Pawtucket. Nunez will depart Boston on Sunday night and join the PawSox for a doubleheader at Buffalo. Pawtucket's scheduled game at Rochester on Saturday was snowed out, and Holt was out of the lineup for the series finale with the Red Wings on Sunday.

"For whatever X amount of at-bats he has during the season, they don't count for me," Cora said of Holt. "He wasn't able to see the ball."

Holt was 1-for-16 in six games and made his last appearance with the Red Sox on April 5 at Arizona. Nunez has been sidelined since the two-game series with the Yankees and failed to record a hit in three of his last four starts. He's slashing just .159/.178/.182 through 17 appearances.

"It's more about the at-bats than the repetitions in the field," Cora said. "I know they always feel ready to go. He understands."

Pitching schedule

Boston's rotation for the upcoming three-game series against the Athletics includes Eduardo Rodriguez, Rick Porcello and – most likely – Hector Velazquez.

The Red Sox are without a proven long reliever in the bullpen with Velazquez making spot starts in place of Nathan Eovaldi (right elbow). Brian Johnson (left elbow) threw an all-fastballs bullpen session on Sunday as he continues to work his way back from injury.

"I don't know what the program is for the next one," Cora said. "For how good it looks, he's still at the beginning stages."

bkoch@providencejournal.com

On Twitter: @BillKoch25

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How (and Why) to Start a Podcast

I've been a podcast fan for many years. So, starting a podcast for me was an exciting opportunity. Though, it was not something I had expected I would ever do. After a year of publishing Insurance Happy Hour, I don't consider myself an expert. But, I've definitely learned a thing or two about this channel. And, if you're thinking about starting a podcast, maybe some of what I've learned will help you.

Why a Podcast

As the story goes, Laird Rixford and I were in a bar at a conference talking about various industry matters. And, witnesses to this conversation would comment about how entertaining it was. Thus, Insurance Happy Hour was born.

That night inspired us to start recording our conversations because we thought it would be entertaining to others in the industry as well as informative. It may have taken us a couple more years to launch the podcast, but for us, that is our why. We always go back to that night as the start of Insurance Happy Hour.

Knowing why you're doing a podcast gives you a story to share as part of your podcast. But, it also gives you that baseline of what you're doing. Whenever you're not sure what to do, having a why can help refocus you and move forward.

Starting a Podcast

We talked a lot about our podcast before it even had a name. We talked about the format. We talked about the frequency. We talked about the equipment.

If you want to start a podcast, you want to think through some of these things. The answers will inform what you do and how you do it.

Audience

Who do you want to listen to your podcast? Are you going to be consumer facing? Or, industry facing? Knowing who your audience is will be one of the primary items that drives the direction of your podcast.

Goal

Like with any marketing tactic, you want to have a goal. Because a goal allows you to know when you've been successful. And, as you make changes, it will help you know if you're going in the right direction or not.

How will you know if your podcast is a success? Will it be the number of listeners and/or subscribers? Will it be the reviews you get in the podcast apps?

Are you going to use your podcast to drive business? If so, then your goals will need to focus on how many leads or clients you get from this channel.

Are you podcasting to build your brand? If so, your goals will focus more on the reach of your podcast and the feedback you get.

Format

Before you start, decide what the format of your podcast will be. Do you want it to be a monologue, just you and a mic? Or, are you going to have a co-host or guests? Will it be scripted or an unrehearsed conversation? Will you record in one take? Or, do you want to be able to edit the recording to cut out unnecessary or unwanted parts?

Remember, you're not stuck with what you do in the beginning. You may start off with a scripted monologue style podcast. But, that doesn't mean you can't change it if you decide you want to add a co-host or feature guests.

Frequency

Like with any content marketing, a podcast is a commitment. Decide before you start what frequency you are comfortable committing to. Be upfront with your listeners about when they can expect new episodes from you. Most podcasts are weekly. But, that doesn't mean yours has to be. There are podcasts that come out every week day. And some that have a much more limited release schedule.

If you don't want to commit to a regular schedule, you could record several at once, maybe 10 or so, and do seasons. Then you can take a break between seasons. This break can give you the time to plan your next batch of episodes. Plus, record and edit those episodes.

Equipment

You don't have to spend a ton of money on equipment to record a podcast. So, don't let the assumption that you need to spend thousands of dollars stop you from getting started.

I do recommend though that you don't use your phone or computer microphone. The audio quality will be poor. But, you can get what you need for not much money. And, even some of the higher quality equipment isn't too expensive.

You will need a microphone and headphones for each host, a pop filter, recording and editing software, and a website with RSS feed to publish your podcast. This article from Entrepreneur gives some recommendations on the technology you need.

Promotion

How will you promote your podcast? The answer to this question should start with knowing your audience. Who are they and where do they spend time? How are they already interacting with you?

If your target audience is your client base, mention your podcast in your customer communications. This may include your newsletter or social media. You could also put a link in your personal email signature.

If your podcast is going to be for the insurance industry, connect with some influencers. Ask them to listen to your podcast and give you feedback. Chances are that if they like what they hear, if they find the content of value, they're going to share it with their networks.

My Favorites

The best way to figure out the answers to some of the above questions is to listen to other podcasts. Listen for what you like. What you don't. What you want to try to emulate.

You can even get ideas from podcast outside the industry. Whatever your interests, I guarantee you will find podcasts dedicated to those topics. Here are just a few of my favorite podcasts.

  • Agency Nation Radio – From the folks at Agency Nation / TrustedChoice.com. This industry podcast features real people in the industry talking about their challenges, initiatives and creative ideas.
  • The UnPodcast – From the authors of UnMarketing and other best-selling books. This no-nonsense podcast discusses real examples of business marketing mistakes and (occasionally) successes.
  • The Way I Heard It with Mike Rowe – Featuring the star of Dirty Jobs and founder of Mike Rowe Works. This podcast is a great example of excellent writing and masterful storytelling in 10 minutes.
  • Akimbo – From the keynote speaker and author Seth Godin. I've long been a fan of Seth's approach to business and marketing. His podcast is just another channel for me to absorb his wisdom.
  • Final Thoughts

    After more than a year of podcasting, I still don't know everything. But, here are a few more things I've learned from publishing content on this medium:

  • Be your authentic self. If you try to be someone you're not, it will be obvious. And, people will relate to the real you far more than they would any character you could create. Plus, people will want to get to know you. Which leads me to…
  • Podcasting is an intimate medium. You may have hundreds or thousands of people listening to your podcast. But, it's still more of a one-to-one communication. I think it has to do with how we consume podcasts. Often with headphones on or in our cars by ourselves. Again, people are going to get to know you in a way that they don't always through social media or email.
  • Don't be afraid to change course as you go. If you want to try something new, or something isn't quite working, adapt your process or content as needed.
  • Dead air can be your friend. Don't think you have to fill up every second of the recording with talking. Give your listeners a chance to absorb what you say before rushing onto the next sentence.
  • When people give you feedback, be open to it. It means they care.
  • While podcasting can be a lot of work, it can also be a lot of fun. If you're thinking about podcasting but don't know where to start, I hope this article gave you some direction. And, when you launch your podcast, be sure to let me know as I would love to listen to it.

    You can see the iJam vodcast with Becky Schroeder and Laird Rixford here: https://www.insurancejournal.tv/videos/17630/

    About Becky Schroeder Schroeder is the Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing at ITC, which provides websites, marketing, rating and management software and services to the insurance industry. You can follower her on Twitter at @beckylschroeder. To learn more about ITC, visit GetITC.com. More from Becky Schroeder

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    quinta-feira, 25 de abril de 2019

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    terça-feira, 23 de abril de 2019

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    segunda-feira, 22 de abril de 2019

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    domingo, 21 de abril de 2019

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    sábado, 20 de abril de 2019

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

    Share:

    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

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    Rays journal: Wendle’s pending return leaves Rays pondering how to keep hottest hitters in lineup

    ST. PETERSBURG — It's a good problem to have, and the Rays have plenty of moving parts, but fitting those parts into the starting lineup will become more difficult when infielder Joey Wendle returns from the injured list.

    That could happen this weekend. Wendle saw his first game action since going on the IL with a hamstring injury, playing Wednesday in an extended spring training game. Wendle said he was aiming for a Saturday return against Boston.

    Combine that with the fact that some of the Rays' hottest hitters — Austin Meadows, Avisail Garcia and Brandon Lowe — have shined in everyday roles and Wendle's return will create some lineup challenges.

    Meadows and Garcia have played their way into the everyday lineup, with one starting in rightfield and the other filling the DH role on most nights. Meadows has blossomed in the leadoff spot, and with increased playing time, Garcia has played well. He entered Wednesday hitting .452/.485/.710 over his past seven games after starting off 4-for-24.

    "You play every day, you make the adjustments, you see and get more at-bats and you make the adjustments," Garcia said. "So I'm trying to do the best for my team. Play hard and never give up an inning or anything — defense, hitting. I'm feeling great."

    Garcia had a big presence in Tuesday's 4-2 win over Baltimore, driving in three and hitting a two-run homer to give the Rays the lead.

    "We're going to have some challenging decisions someday when our (injured players) get healthy again," manager Kevin Cash said. "But (Garcia) is a tough guy not to have in the lineup, that's for sure. We like when he comes up in game situations, in big at-bats. It can change a game for us, and it did (Tuesday)."

    Lowe has filled in admirably for Wendle at second, but when Wendle returns and slots back into the position, the Rays will have to find a spot for Lowe. The natural spot would be DH, but getting both Meadows and Garcia into the lineup has clogged both of those spots.

    Wendle played five innings at second and went 2-for-5 Wednesday. He is slated for another extended spring game Thursday, getting time at short and third. Wendle is one of the team's most flexible players defensively, so he could find his way back onto the field in a variety of infield positions.

    Caught stealing ... twice?

    Centerfielder Kevin Kiermaier earned a dubious distinction in Tuesday's win after he was charged with two caught stealings in the same inning.

    In the seventh, Kiermaier successfully took second base, but the official scoring was that shortstop Jonathan Villar dropped the ball attempting to make a tag and was charged with an error. Later that inning, Kiermaier was hung up between second and third.

    Kiermaier disagreed with the error call at second.

    "Yeah, the play should have been made," Kiermaier said, "but I truly believe it's one of those plays where you can't assume a situation like that. … Let's just say an outfielder goes back to the wall and it pops out of his glove and over the fence. That batter is trotting around the bases. It's a home run. You can't count that as an error."

    It marked the first time that a player had been charged with two caught stealings in the same inning since the Reds' Brandon Phillips on July 7, 2011.

    Snell continues throwing

    Blake Snell, who is on the injured list with a broken fourth toe on his right foot, said he planned to throw Wednesday despite the injury, and Cash said the left-hander did have a throwing session from 90 feet before the game.

    "Really happy that he's able to keep his arm in shape," Cash said.

    Cash said he hopes Snell doesn't miss more than two starts.

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    terça-feira, 16 de abril de 2019

    Foltynewicz (elbow) is scheduled to make another minor-league start over the weekend, Gabe Burns of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports.

    Foltynewicz (elbow) is scheduled to make another minor-league start over the weekend, Gabe Burns of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports.

    It looked as though Foltynewicz's final rehab start would take place Monday, but the Braves have determined that he'll require one final outing to shake the rust off. Assuming his weekend start goes off without a hitch, Foltynewicz figures to be looking at a return later next week, likely during Atlanta's weekend series with Colorado.

    Added Yesterday 4:33 pm (EST)

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    Unhelpful thinking styles and how to start changing them

    Have you ever thought “I can never do anything right,” or “The whole day is ruined because…”? These are examples of unhelpful thinking styles. This type of thinking is unhelpful because it is based on biased thinking and emotions and can negatively impact several areas of a person’s life. If you have these types of thoughts, don’t worry â€" you’re not alone. Most everyone has thinking that falls in these lines at some point or another.

    The following are some of the unhealthy thinking styles adapted from Psychiatrist Dr. David Burn’s book “Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy.”

    All or nothing thinking or black-and-white thinking â€" This is like looking at a coin and saying there are only two sides. Truthfully, a coin has several sides to it, which include the heads, tails and the side edge. An example of this type of thinking would be, “If I can’t be perfect, I am a failure.” This type of thinking sets us up for failure, believing things can only be one way or the other when there are several variations in between.

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    Labeling â€" This happens with thoughts like “I’m such an idiot” or “That person is a real loser.” We often are our own worst critics. And labeling ourselves will only drag us down into a dark depressing hole. When we label others, we make an overall assumption about the person vs. their behaviors and may be missing out on an opportunity to know who that person really is.

    Jumping to conclusions/ Mind Reading â€" This occurs when we think we know what others are thinking or think we can predict the future. Assumptions can be made based upon someone’s body language, but we can’t read their thoughts. And an assumption is just that, an assumption. We won’t know what a person is thinking unless we ask. As far as predicting the future, we may have certain outcomes that are common for us, but it does not solidify that we will know exactly what will happen in the future. This type of thinking can become self-fulfilling if a person acts according to how they are thinking or feeling.

    Mental Filter â€" This happens when we don’t acknowledge what was positive about an event or day. Instead we may focus only what went wrong. It is important that we can acknowledge the positives during the day no matter how insignificant we think they might be. We can train our brains to be good at complaining and only seeing the negative. The same is true about training your brain to notice the positives.

    Catastrophizing â€" A big fancy word that basically means making a mountain out of a mole hill or making things worse than they really are. Minimizing falls into this category as it is the opposite, making a little deal out of something that is a big deal.

    Emotional reasoning â€" This is a type of thinking that happens when we think our emotions dictate truth. Emotions are important but if we assume that we are morons because we feel embarrassed, then we are falling into a thinking error. Feeling embarrassment does not equate to someone being an idiot.

    Personalization â€" This occurs when a person blames themselves for things that are not their fault or contrarywise blaming others for something that is their fault. People are free to make their own decisions and believe it or not, as an individual we don’t hold power to control others’ decisions, only our own.

    Overgeneralizing â€" Ever been to a grocery store when it is busy and there is a shortage of cashiers? A person might be quick to say, “This place is always busy, there are never enough cashiers.” The truth is, the store might be busy a lot and there might be a shortage of cashiers sometimes, but words like never and always are not true to the situation and create a biased perspective.

    When we can notice these types of thinking patters, we can stop and begin to change the way we think with practice. Inviting rational thinking by thinking about what is realistic and asking questions about why we think and feel these ways is the start to positive change and rational thinking.

    Daniel Park is an LCSW, native to Idaho and has worked in mental health for over 10 years. He got his bachelor’s and master’s degree at Boise State University.

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    Learn How To Start An Apple Orchard April 6 At Audubon

    Audubon Community Nature Center is presenting "Apples and Orchards: Starting from Scratch" on Saturday, April 6.

    Audubon Community Nature Center is presenting a second workshop on apples and orchards on Saturday, April 6, from 10 a.m. to noon.

    "Starting from Scratch" will cover what one needs to know before planting a tree.

    Starting an apple grove is much different than inheriting one.

    Al Yelvington, and possibly others, will walk those attending through the steps to take and the things to consider right from the beginning.

    Those attending should come dressed for the weather, as a portion of the class will be outside. Look for other related offerings throughout the year.

    Al Yelvington is a transplant to the area after retiring from 33 years in the Coast Guard.

    He started his cider orchard, Happy Dog Farm outside Russell, Pa., to provide juice specifically for hard cider makers.

    He recently completed his degree in the Virginia Tech Online Masters in Agriculture and Life Sciences (OMALS), focusing on pest and weed management.

    Happy Dog Farm includes a community cider mill that is registered with the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture.

    Enrollment is limited. The fee for the program is $16 or $12 for Nature Center members. Paid reservations are required by Thursday, April 4, by calling 569-2345 during business hours or going online to auduboncnc.org/programs and clicking on "Current Schedule."

    Audubon Community Nature Center is located at 1600 Riverside Road, one-quarter mile east of Route 62 between Jamestown, N.Y., and Warren, Pa. To learn more, call 569-2345 or visit the Programs page at auduboncnc.org.

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    quarta-feira, 10 de abril de 2019

    How to Make the Perfect Bullet Journal to Organize Your Life

    bullet journal

    Life loves to throw things at us from all directions. The key to staying on top of everything is having an effective schedule to keep you on track.

    So how the hell do you create a system for managing your tasks, events, notes, and calendar no matter where you are?

    You need to create a bullet journal.

    "A full 93% [of educators] state that using their Bullet Journal… makes their lives easier or significantly easier.

    As one educator noted, 'I find it difficult to track all of my classes and schedule in any other system'." – Todd Foutz, Educators on Bullet Journaling

    We know how difficult it is to keep track of everything, so that's why this post will take you through everything you need to know to create your perfect bullet journal.

    You'll learn:

  • What a bullet journal is
  • What you'll need to make one
  • How to create a bullet journal
  • How to get the most out of it
  • Let's go!

    What is a bullet journal

    bullet journal example

    (Source by John Uhri, used under CC 2.0 license)

    A "bullet journal" lets you record, track, and organize your tasks, events, and notes no matter where or when you need to add to them.

    The aim is to store all of this in a small journal which you can carry with you, organize your tasks using a calendar, and use language that lets you summarize everything in a few short words.

    It's a personal organizer, planner, and calendar all in one.

    It doesn't matter what the journal is made of (even though Moleskine journals are the traditional choice), as long as you stick to the core ideals and framework. Whether each margin is fancily decorated or kept bare, as long as you can organize your days more effectively, then you have a bullet journal on your hands.

    Sounds good?

    Great!

    Let's go over what you'll need to make one…

    What you'll need to make a bullet journal

    Bullet journals are easy to make! All you need is:

  • A journal
  • A pen
  • A ruler
  • This post
  • That's it. The only details you have to worry about are with respect to the type and size of the journal.

    bullet journal supplies

    (Source by Bich Tran from Pexels)

    A bullet journal should be small enough to easily take with you; the whole point is to take notes and record tasks while you're on the go, after all. My own journal fits into the inner pocket of my jacket (ie: it's a little smaller than A5 paper) so that I can have it on me whenever the need arises.

    The key is to strike a balance between the bullet journal being small enough to be portable, but large enough to hold all of the required information.

    If push comes to shove, the portability is more important than how much the journal can hold. 100+ pages of almost A5 paper should be enough to last the entire year, but there are no rules saying that you can't go through several journals in 12 months.

    Some journals come with a holder for a pen built into them but, again, this is entirely optional. My first journal (from 2017) had an elastic loop to slip the pen into, but nowadays I just store a pen loosely in the same jacket pocket.

    Finally, the journal's pages don't have to have a specific design, but having paper with numbered pages and either isometric dots or regular lines can be a godsend. The pre-numbered pages prevent you having to manually record them as you go, and the dots/lines allow you to split up the pages in an even and ordered manner.

    Again, these are optional extras but will save you a lot of headache in the long run. Not to mention that it's nice to have a journal which can be so easily divided up while remaining neat and tidy.

    The language of bullet journals

    shorthand example

    (Source)

    A quick note on the language bullet journals use before we dive into how to make one:

  • Be brief
  • Be specific
  • Summarise everything in a few words
  • Don't be afraid to use personal language
  • Bullet journals aren't designed to tease out every inner thought or to record anything in fanciful terms. They're a way to quickly jot down notes and record tasks so that you can glance at a page and instantly know what you have to do for the day.

    For example, let's say that you have a list of tasks and events for the day. You might usually record them as:

  • Do 30 minutes of morning yoga
  • Drop kids off at school
  • Buy daily shopping for me, mum and dad
  • Visit mum and dad – drop off pictures and shopping
  • Clean the kitchen, bathroom, and living room
  • Plan designs for next art project
  • Pick up Julian and Bree from school
  • That's all well and good, but we can condense these further using note-form language. This is the same language I use when planning my blog posts to save time, and it involves removing any and all unnecessary information.

    The list would become:

  • Morning yoga
  • Kids to school
  • Shopping (me, parents)
  • Parents (pictures, shop)
  • Clean (kitch, bath, living)
  • Art designs
  • Kids from school
  • This gives you almost double the space to record important events, tasks, and notes than you would otherwise. This can be compounded by using techniques like shorthand to make recording and reading your notes even faster.

    Remember; you're creating the journal for yourself. As long as you understand it, you can be as brief and cryptic as you like.

    How to make a bullet journal

    starting a bullet journal

    (Source by Bich Tran from Pexels)

    Bullet journals can be roughly split up into seven elements:

  • The index page
  • The future log
  • The monthly log
  • The daily log
  • Distinguishing symbols
  • Task migration
  • Collections
  • Don't worry – it's not as much work as it sounds. A bullet journal can be comfortably set up within 10-20 minutes (if not less), after which it's ready to take with you and record items as you go.

    I'll take you through each item, but remember that "making" a bullet journal is an ongoing process. At first, all you have to do is set out the framework, the first month's calendar, and your initial daily tasks; the key is coming back to it for 5-10 minutes each day and continuing to fill it out as time passes.

    Before you know it you'll have a comprehensive plan and record for the year!

    1. The index page

    bullet journal index

    (Source by distelfliege, used under CC 2.0 license)

    The first port of call is your index page. This is the "contents" page of your journal, letting you quickly view the page numbers for the various months, weeks, and collections to let you easily flick to the page you want.

    Start by going to the first 2-page blank spread of your journal and label the top of each page with "Index".

    That's it.

    Seriously.

    The index is something that needs to be filled in as you go along and create new sections, so for now this is all we can do.

    Think about it this way; imagine planning preset page numbers for every section. Now imagine needing extra space for a set of notes or an unexpected collection.

    Suddenly, all of your preparations would be for naught, and the only solution would be a messy re-do of (at the very least) the index page.

    This method, meanwhile, gives you less work to do up-front, remains flexible enough to let you create new sections or extend existing ones for more space on-the-fly, and keep your journal nice and neat without extra effort.

    2. The future log

    Turn to the next empty double spread in the journal to start on the next section; the future log.

    This houses a record of each month in the coming year, along with short notes on important tasks and events. As such, the main setup requires splitting the pages equally to give space for the notes in each month.

    Depending on the size of your notebook, it's best to use four pages for the future log and separate each page into sections for three months. That way you have enough space to make brief notes of the key tasks, but it's brief enough to avoid wasting space.

    To do this, count the number of lines or rows of dotted lines on each page (if your journal has them) and divide by three. Once you have the size of each section, separate them using your ruler and pen so that you can easily see where one month ends and another begins.

    Label each month and page number (if they aren't already there) and then update your index to contain the page numbers for the future log.

    Before moving on, try to fill in any tasks and events which you know are coming up that are either important or require planning in advance. For example:

  • 24th April – Mike's birthday
  • 7th-19th July – Scotland holiday
  • 6th October – Anniversary
  • Don't worry about catching everything – the future plan is primarily used to plan out tasks a month or more in advance as you discover them. Because of this, you'll be revisiting this section at least once at the end of each month.

    3. The monthly log

    future log

    (Source by Tookapic on Pexels)

    Next up it's time to start on your first monthly log. As with the future log, this should be started on the next empty double-page spread, as this will make it easier to find when coming back to the journal.

    Label the two blank pages with the name of the first month you're using your bullet journal for (it doesn't have to be January – you can start a bullet journal whenever you want), note the page numbers, and then record them in your index for future viewing.

    Next, use the first blank page in your monthly log to record the dates of the month down the left-hand side of the paper. Then write a letter next to each date representing the day of the week it will be, making your list look as follows:

  • 1st M
  • 2nd Tu
  • 3rd W
  • 4th Th
  • 5th F
  • 6th Sa
  • 7th Su
  • This gives you a handy guide to when the days fall in that month, letting you plan weekend events in advance, see when you're free more easily, and so on.

    The other blank page can be used to note down the tasks that you know need to be completed that month. This shouldn't include your daily tasks but, instead, those which break the norm, such as "buy anniversary present" or "book holiday".

    If you want to, you can also record key events (birthdays, etc) next to each date in your calendar list for easy viewing.

    4. The daily log

    Now it's time to start on your daily log. These sections will make up the majority of your journal, as each page will contain roughly three days' worth of notes, tasks, and events, and will contain the most detail out of any given area.

    You don't need to label the top of your pages here. Instead, write the date of the first day you're recording, then list the tasks, events, and notes for that day as you go.

    To tell the difference between these items at a glance, try using the following symbols instead of just bullet points for each entry:

  • Tasks – regular bullet points, as these are most common
  • Events – a hollow circle
  • Notes – a dash
  • Remember to use the brief, direct language mentioned earlier in this post, and you should be able to fit several days onto a single page of your journal.

    Take note of (or record) the first page of your daily log, then record that in your index. The page numbers should be filled in further either when you complete the last day of the month or stop to create a new collection (more on those below). For example:

  • April monthly log: 12-13
  • April daily log: 14-15, 18-23
  • Woodworking: 16-17
  • Going forward, all you have to do is repeat the monthly and daily logs (while keeping your index up-to-date) and you'll have yourself a perfect bullet journal for organizing your life.

    However, before we get onto how to take this technique beyond a basic bullet journal, it's worth going over three more core concepts which, while optional, will make your journal even more useful.

    5. Distinguishing symbols

    distinguishing symbols

    (Source by Thomas Quine, used under CC 2.0 license)

    Distinguishing symbols can be used to show that a certain task, note, or event is different from the others somehow. You can use anything you like for the symbols (as long as you remember what they mean).

    Traditionally:

  • Stars show important items (usually tasks)
  • Exclamation marks show inspirational items (quotes, ideas, to remember, etc, usually notes)
  • An eye indicates the need for further research, information, exploration, etc
  • Again, feel free to customize these to suit whatever seems natural for you, and don't be afraid to add extra symbols for different purposes.

    These distinguishing symbols can be used alongside any item in your bullet journal, be they in the future, monthly, or daily logs and even collections.

    If you're not used to using these symbols, consider using the last double page spread at the back of the journal to provide a guide to them. Remember to record the page numbers in the index if you choose to do so.

    6. Task migration

    Once you've reached the end of a month it's useful to review the tasks and events and note which ones you achieved. This can be done by putting an X over the original entry's symbol (eg, a hollow circle) to signify that it's complete.

    That leaves you with the tasks that you didn't complete. These can be split into three categories:

  • Incomplete tasks that aren't worth your time
  • Incomplete tasks that are worth your time in the short-term
  • Incomplete tasks that are worth your time in the long-term
  • Tasks that aren't worth your time can be struck through to remove them from your journal. Try not to obscure the item entirely with the line through it (it's useful to know what you didn't achieve).

    Incomplete tasks that are worth completing must then be migrated to your next monthly log or the future log, depending on how soon it needs to be carried out.

    First, set up the following monthly log on the next empty double-page spread, note the page numbers, and transfer them to the index. Then use the following symbols to indicate the different types of incomplete tasks from the previous month:

  • Incomplete tasks to complete in the following month= >
  • Incomplete tasks to complete in the long term = <
  • Any tasks marked with ">" can then be copied into the notes section of the next monthly log, letting you easily keep up to date with what you need to do.

    On the other hand, "<" tasks should be copied into the future log to act on later. Consider how long it will take to plan and prepare for the task, along with any potential time limit it needs, then copy it into the suitable month.

    7. Collections

    bullet journal collection

    (Source by Bich Tran from Pexels)

    Collections are essentially topics which can be used to contain a group of tasks, events, and notes in one easy-to-view place. This can let you easily plan events, create regular shopping lists, organize personal projects, and so on, and so forth.

    To create a collection, just think of a topic which can group together several of your tasks, events, or notes (eg, "Stuffed Doll" for a personal project to make a doll). Use this topic to label the first page of the next empty double spread in your journal.

    Next, note (or record) the page number of the collection and update your index to reflect it.

    Finally, migrate all of the relevant tasks, events, and notes into the collection. Consider putting a symbol next to the original entries to indicate that they have been moved into a collection (such as a wavy line, or a tick).

    The other empty page can be left blank for now, giving flexibility to the collection. Continue your regular monthly or daily logs from where you left off on the next double spread.

    Depending on what you need first, the empty remaining page can either be turned into an extension of the collection or an entirely different collection. It entirely depends on what you require, and what you would prefer to group together.

    From personal to professional

    So, you now know how to create a working bullet journal. Fantastic! This should allow you to organize your daily activities and set short-term goals to build into long-term objectives.

    What if I told you that you could take this one step further?

    Bullet journals are great for casual notes and personal diaries but, in terms of professional settings, they don't allow the necessary level of detail to correctly carry out your duties without mistakes.

    You know what tasks you need to do but won't have a way of consistently performing it in the same way every time. This leads to variation in your output and makes you vulnerable to mistakes.

    The best way to get around this is to document workflows so that you can follow detailed, set instructions every time you carry out a common duty. This means the quality of the process increases, as human error is prevented and less time is wasted wondering what to do next.

    The most efficient way of doing this is to combine your bullet journal with Process Street – the best business process management software available.

    By reviewing the entries in your bullet journal, you can see:

  • Which tasks were the most common
  • Which tasks were often not completed
  • How many important tasks fit into the previous categories
  • Which tasks you cannot start without a documented method
  • This gives you a solid starting point to start controlling, tracking, and improving your core business processes, as you'll be able to see which are the best to start focusing on.

    For example, the first processes which should be documented would be for common, important tasks which were often not completed. Once these are done you can then move on to the most common tasks that weren't finished, then the common, important tasks which were completed, and so on.

    Remember – you don't have to go into a huge amount of detail!

    We here at Process Street know just how intimidating the time commitment is for creating processes, but you don't have to do everything at once. Instead, jot down the rough task list to complete the task, then move on.

    You can always come back later and fill in more details to standardize things further. For example, you could just expand the process every time someone makes a mistake while running through it.

    Once you have the rough workflows for all of your regular processes, the next step would be to use continuous improvement to tweak and perfect them.

    Don't be afraid to customize your journal

    customized journal 2

    (Source by Nea.salo, used under CC 2.0 license)

    Bullet journals aren't something that has to conform to a certain style. So long as you stick to these rough guidelines to keep everything organized, feel free to experiment with different symbols, formats, and collections to get the most out of your entries.

    If you find yourself struggling with organizing your work life, consider using a bullet journal to organize your tasks there too.

    While I would recommend keeping separate bullet journals for work and personal life (to help maintain your work/life balance), there's something to be said for the convenience of only having one combined book. You only have to carry one journal with you and it's easy to see when you're busy and when you're free.

    Either way, I wish you good luck! I'm coming to the end of my own bullet journal, so if you'll excuse me, I need to set up my own.

    Do you have a bullet journal? If so, how do you use it? I'd love to hear about it in the comments below!

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